UK tax rates 2024/25

Also see: 2026/27 rates

Income Tax — England, Wales and Northern Ireland

Band	Income	Rate
Personal Allowance	Up to £12,570	0%
Basic	£12,571 – £50,270	20%
Higher	£50,271 – £125,140	40%
Additional	£125,141 and over	45%

The Personal Allowance falls by £1 for every £2 of adjusted net income over £100,000, so it is zero at £125,140. That's why the top rate starts at £125,140 of income, here and in Scotland.

Income Tax — Scotland

Band	Income	Rate
Personal Allowance	Up to £12,570	0%
Starter	£12,571 – £14,876	19%
Basic	£14,877 – £26,561	20%
Intermediate	£26,562 – £43,662	21%
Higher	£43,663 – £75,000	42%
Advanced	£75,001 – £125,140	45%
Top	£125,141 and over	48%

National Insurance (employees, category A)

Earnings	Weekly	Monthly	Rate
Below Primary Threshold	Up to £242	Up to £1,048	0%
Primary Threshold to Upper Earnings Limit	£242 – £967	£1,048 – £4,189	8%
Above Upper Earnings Limit	Over £967	Over £4,189	2%

Employer NI: 13.8% above £9,100 a year. Self-employed Class 4: 6% on profits between £12,570 and £50,270, 2% above. Voluntary Class 2: £3.45 a week.

Student loan repayment thresholds

Plan	Annual threshold	Rate
Plan 1	£24,990	9%
Plan 2	£27,295	9%
Plan 4 (Scotland)	£31,395	9%
Plan 5	Not yet repaying	9%
Postgraduate	£21,000	6%

Minimum wage (from April)

Age band	Hourly rate
21 and over	£11.44
18 to 20	£8.60
Under 18	£6.40
Apprentice	£6.40

Other allowances

Allowance	Amount
Dividend allowance	£500
Dividend tax rates	8.75% / 33.75% / 39.35%
Personal Savings Allowance (basic / higher)	£1,000 / £500
ISA allowance	£20,000
Blind Person's Allowance	£3,070
Marriage Allowance transfer	£1,260
Trading allowance	£1,000
High Income Child Benefit Charge	£60,000 – £80,000

Sources for every figure are listed on our sources page. Data verified 17 October 2026.